78.109.18.227

78.109.18.227 is an IP address that 2 published sources report in connection with unclustered DPRK and IT Worker Fraud activity, which public reporting attributes to North Korea (DPRK). It is cited here from UN Security Council Panel of Experts (1718 Committee) and Spur. The earliest of those reports is dated 2024-03-19 and the most recent 2024-12-19.

ip address DPRK (cluster unattributed)IT Worker Fraud MATCHED IN SOURCE

First seen 2024-03-19 · last seen 2024-12-19

Network

KindAstrill VPN exit address
NetworkNova Cloud LLP (Nova Cloud)
Announced byAS214789 Nova Cloud LLP
CountryKazakhstan
Flagshosting range, known proxy or VPN

Looked up 2026-09-21 at ip-api.com. This address is on Spur’s list of Astrill VPN exits. It names the VPN, not the user.

Sources

  • …45.8.25.82 45.8.68.79 45.8.68.80 45.83.220.216 45.86.202.216 45.86.202.4 45.95.243.104 45.95.243.155 66.115.146.163 78.109.18.227 84.247.59.103 84.247.59.113 84.247.59.115 84.247.59.123 84.247.59.13 84.247.59.145 84.247.59.146 84.247.59.27…
    access — UN Security Council Panel of Experts (1718 Committee) · published 2024-03-19 · pulled 2026-09-18
  • These are the exit addresses of a commercial VPN service with customers everywhere. An address on this list says that a connection came through Astrill, which DPRK IT workers are documented to favour; it does not say who was behind the connection, and the great majority of traffic through these exits is ordinary customers. Treat a match as a reason to look at the account behind it, not as evidence about the person. The list is a snapshot of the addresses active on 19 December 2024; VPN exits are reassigned over time, so an address here may since have been returned to its hosting provider and given to someone else. The list is Spur's and is carried here as published.
    Astrill VPN and DPRK Remote Worker Fraud — Spur · published 2024-12-19 · pulled 2026-10-26

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Related indicators

Cited by the same report: access

UN Security Council Panel of Experts (1718 Committee) lists 105 other indicators in this source. 7 are shown, chosen across types.

All 106 indicators from this source

Cited by the same report: Astrill VPN and DPRK Remote Worker Fraud

Spur lists 2,366 other indicators in this source. 5 are shown, chosen across types.

All 2,367 indicators from this source

Disclaimer An entry here is not proof of DPRK affiliation or wrongdoing. A listed name, account or address may belong to an uninvolved person, so each entry is a lead to verify independently. What inclusion means. See the sourcing methodology.